Umbuzo wesigidi seedola kulula ukuwubuza kwaye unzima ukuwuphendula: yeyiphi eyona ndlela yokhuseleko yebhayometriki? Kwimeko yedijithali eguquka ngokukhawulezaEkuphela kwento ethile kukuba akukho mpendulo inye; kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yokusetyenziswa, umngcipheko, okusingqongileyo, kunye nento oyibeka phambili: lula, ixabiso, ubumfihlo, okanye ukomelela.
Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe, kubalulekile ukucacisa oko Akukho ndlela yebhayometriki igqibelele ngokwayoEzinye zigqwesa kukhuseleko (ezifana ne-iris), ezinye ngokulula (iminwe, ubuso, ilizwi), kunye nezinye ziyimfihlo ngoyilo (iimodeli ezingenayo inethiwekhi okanye iiseva). Isiphumo esifanelekileyo sihlala sivela ekudibaniseni imiba kwaye, apho kufanelekileyo, ukusebenzisa izinto ezininzi (i-biometrics + ikhadi/i-PIN) ukukhusela ukufikelela okubuthathaka.
Yintoni ukuqinisekiswa kwebhayometriki kwaye kutheni kubalulekile?
Uqinisekiso lwebhayometriki iqinisekisa ukuba ungubani na iimpawu ezizodwa zomzimba okanye zokuziphatha (ubuso, ilizwi, umnwe, iris, imithambo, utyikityo olubhalwe ngesandla, ukuhamba okanye ukuchwetheza). Ixabisekile kuba ezi mpawu zezobuqu, kunzima ukuzikopa, kwaye zihlala zikuwe, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko wamagama ayimfihlo okanye amakhadi.
Ukubaluleka kwayo kuye kwanda kokubili ukufikelela ngokomzimba (iiofisi, iihotele, iziteyimu) kunye nokufikelela kwidijithali (ibhanki ye-intanethi, izixhobo, ukuqhutyelwa kwedatha ebucayi). Inika ibhalansi enamandla phakathi kokhuseleko kunye nokukhawuleza: Uyawalibala amagama ayimfihlo akho, kodwa hayi umnwe wakho okanye ubuso bakho, kwaye iinkqubo ziba manzi ngakumbi kumsebenzisi.
Iindidi zebhayometriki kunye neendlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu
Singahlela i ibhayometriki ngobume bophawu nangendlela yokusebenza. Kumgangatho wethiyori Kukho iintsapho ezintathu ezinkulu:
- Ibhayoloji yebhayoloji: iimpawu zofuzo okanye i-molecular (umzekelo, i-DNA), ihlolwe ngeesampuli kunye neebhubhoratri.
- Ibhayometriki yemorphological: Isakhiwo somzimba esibonakalayo (ubuso, iminwe, iris).
- I-biometrics yokuziphatha: iipatheni zokuziphatha (ilizwi, isimbo sokubhala, ukuhamba, ukusebenzisana).
Enyanisweni, ezona nkqubo zixhaphake kakhulu zisekelwe Iminwe yeminwe, ukuqaphela ubuso, ukuqaphela intetho, iris ukwamkelwa y biometry yemithambo (imithambo yesundu okanye yomnwe). Ngamnye unamandla ahlukeneyo, imida kunye neendleko.
Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo?
Ukuba sinamathela ekomeleleni kwangaphakathi kolu phawu, Ukuqatshelwa kwe-Iris kuhlala kuphakathi kwezona zinamandla ngenxa yodwa kunye nokuzinza kweepateni zayo, kunye nokuchasana nokukhuphela okulula. Nangona kunjalo, ifuna iikhamera ezikhethekileyo kunye nezinzwa, ezichaphazela iindleko kunye nokuhanjiswa.
La Iminwe yeminwe Ihlala i-classic ekhuselekileyo kwaye isekwe kakuhle, kunye neenzwa eziphuculweyo ezikhulayo; Abafundi be-ultrasonic bayakwazi ukwenza iimephu ze-3D, ukwandisa ukuchasana nenkohliso elula. Ukuqwalaselwa kobuso mihla, kunye nobhaqo bobungqina bobomi, ikwabonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu, kwaye biometry yemithambo Yomelele ngakumbi kuba ilinganisa iipateni zangaphakathi (imithambo) kunomphezulu.
Ngoku, kwaye oku kungundoqo: Ukhuseleko lokugqibela aluxhomekeke kuphela kwimodyuliIqwalasela i-hardware, umgangatho we-algorithm, ukukhangela ubomi, umgaqo-nkqubo wokugcina itemplate, indawo (ukukhanya, ingxolo, iiglavu), uthutho olufihliweyo, ulawulo oluphambili, kunye nokudibanisa kunye nenkqubo yakho yonke.
Yeyiphi eyona iluncedo?
Ukulungeleka kuxhomekeke kulwazi lomsebenzisi kunye nomxholo, kodwa kukho ukuvumelana ukuba iinyawo, ubuso kunye nelizwi Babalasele ngokulula kwabo ekusebenziseni. Izifundi zeminwe zikuyo yonke indawo; Ukuvula ubuso akuchukumisi; nelizwi lenza imimangaliso phakathi izicwangciso ezikude okanye izandla ezixakekileyo (umzekelo, amaziko oqhagamshelwano okanye izixhobo ezinemakrofoni).
Kwizixhobo zomntu, ezi zikhetho sele zidibeneyo (iikhamera, i-microphones kunye neenzwa), ezo iyakukhawulezisa ukuthathwa kwabantwana kunye nokunciphisa ukukhuhlanaYiyo loo nto zikwasoloko zezona zonga kakhulu ukuphumeza ngokwedijithali.
Ukuthembeka kunye nokuchaneka: zeziphi iindlela ezenza ngcono?
Ukuthembeka kuthetha ukuba inkqubo ukufikelela kwiziphumo ezingaguqukiyo ekuhambeni kwexesha naphantsi kweemeko eziguqukayoNgokubhekiselele kwizinto eziyingqayizivele kunye nokuzinza, iminwe yeminwe kunye ne-irises inenzuzo. Ubuso buye baphucuka kakhulu ngenxa yothungelwano lwe-neural kunye nokubhaqwa kobomi, kwaye amazwi enze umtsi obalulekileyo kwindawo efanelekileyo, ngakumbi xa edityaniswe nemixholo.
Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, umgangatho wenzwa, i iimeko zokusingqongileyo (ukukhanya, ingxolo), ukulinganisa kunye nomda ohambelanayo wenza umehluko kumazinga obuxoki (FAR) kunye namazinga okulahla ubuxoki (FRR).
Uqinisekiso olukude kunye nolungenanxibelelwano
Ukuba into oyikhangelayo bubungqina obukude, ubuso kunye nelizwi Badibanisa ngaphandle komthungo kunye neekhamera eziqhelekileyo kunye neemakrofoni kwiifowuni eziphathwayo kunye neekhomputha, ngaphandle kwe-hardware eyongezelelweyo. Zikulungele ukukhwela okanye ukuqinisekiswa kwentengiselwano ekude.
Ngamava onxibelelwano, ubuso, ilizwi kunye iris ziinketho zendalo. I-iris ayinakulinganiswa kucoceko, nangona kunjalo ifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyoUbuso bubonelela ngolwelo olupheleleyo, kwaye ilizwi liluncedo xa ujonge ikhamera ayinakwenzeka.
Ixabiso: Yintoni etshiphu kwaye yintoni ebiza kakhulu?
Ixabiso lilonke (TCO) lixhomekeke kwibhalansi phakathi ihardware, isoftwe, indibaniselwano, ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kunye nokwandiswa. Njengomthetho jikelele, ubuso kunye nelizwi zingabizi kakhulu ngokusebenzisa iikhamera kunye neemakrofoni ezikhoyo. indawo yonyawo Ikwafikeleleka ngenxa yokukhula kwayo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezivamvo ezikhoyo.
Kwelinye icala, Iinkqubo ze-Iris zithande ukuba zibiza kakhulu kuba zifuna iikhamera ezithile kunye nezinzwa kunye nokusetyenzwa okufunwa kakhulu, ngakumbi ekuhanjisweni ngobuninzi.
Indlela inkqubo yebhayometriki isebenza ngayo ngaphakathi
Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya izigaba ezine, kwaye ukuziqonda kunceda ukuxabisa apho ukhuseleko lusemngciphekweni:
- Ukuthathwa: isampuli ifunyenwe (ifoto yobuso, iminwe, isandi selizwi, umfanekiso weiris).
- Ukutsalwa kophawu: I-algorithm ivelisa itemplate eneempawu ezifanelekileyo, kungekhona ikopi yoqobo yophawu.
- Thelekisa: Ithemplethi ithelekiswa novimba weenkcukacha (1:N) okanye nereferensi ethile (1:1).
- Isiqinisekiso- Ukuba umda womdlalo ochaziweyo ugqithisiwe, ufikelelo luvunyiwe.
Kwisiginitsha kunye nezisombululo zokuqinisekisa isazisi, iindlela ezifana ne utyikityo lwebhayometriki kwiitafile, i ukubukela ividiyo ngobungqina bobomi okanye ukubanjwa kweminwe nabafundi abazinikeleyo, ababonelela ngobungqina obuqinileyo obulingana (okanye obungaphezulu) komsayino wemveli obhalwe ngesandla.
Iimeko zokusetyenziswa kobomi bokwenyani kunye nokuhanjiswa kobuninzi
Kwiibhanki, amaqumrhu amaninzi amkele i-biometrics ukuze ukufikelela kwii-akhawunti kwaye uqinisekise iintengiselwano, ukuphelisa ingxabano nokomeleza ukhuseleko kubuqhetseba. Ii-ATM ziye zabonwa kunye nokuqatshelwa kobuso kwi-PIN-free cash withdrawals, ukuphucula isantya senkonzo.
Kwiziganeko ezibonakalayo eziphezulu, i-biometrics yobuso ibonakalisile isantya kunye nokuchaneka kwinqanaba elikhulu, kunye namaxesha okuqinisekisa malunga nemizuzwana ye-10 ngomntu ngamnye kunye namazinga okuphumelela afikelela kwi-99% ekuhanjisweni okulawulwayo. Kwinkalo yezempilo, i-biometrics inceda ukukhusela iindawo ezibalulekileyo kunye neefayile, kunye namaziko oqhagamshelwano, ukuqinisekiswa kwezwi kunciphisa amaxesha okulinda kunye nobuqhetseba.
Ukhuseleko kuhlaselo: ukulinganisa, ukuphila, kunye nemizekelo ebonakalayo
Yonke inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji izisa isipili sayo esichasayo. Uluntu lwe-cybersecurity lubhaliwe iimvavanyo zokudlula Kwiinkqubo ezithile: iifoto eziphakamileyo eziphezulu zokukhohlisa ukubonwa kobuso kwiimodeli ezindala; electronic "master prints" ekwaziyo ukunyanzela iimatshisi kwiilabhoratri; iimolds eziphindaphinda iminwe ngezixhobo ezithile; okanye iinzame zokukhohlisa ii-iris scanners kunye ne-IR imaging kunye neelensi.
Impendulo yecandelo ibe kukuphakamisa umgangatho: ukufumanisa ubomi obuluqilima (i-blink, i-microtexture yesikhumba, ubunzulu, impendulo ye-ultrasound), izinzwa eziphezulu zesisombululo, i-multifactor kunye ne-anti-spoofing model. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, nangona iifowuni eziphathwayo zizona njongo ziphambili zabahlaseli, akukho bungqina bokuba Ubusela obuninzi ngokubonwa kobuso ekusetyenzisweni kakuhle, kwaye iingcali ziyaqhubeka nokucebisa ulawulo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo eqinisiweyo.
Ubumfihlo kunye nokuThobela: UyiKhusela njani iDatha yeBiometric
Ibhayometriki ijongene nedatha ebuthathaka ngakumbi; ke ngoko, imimiselo (enje I-GDPR kunye ne-eIDAS2 (eYurophu) ifuna isiseko esisemthethweni, ukuncitshiswa, uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo, kunye nokungafihli. Kuyilo oluhle, iitemplates azigcini umfanekiso oluhlaza wesici, kodwa iivektha ezifihliweyo nezicazululiweyo ezingavumeli ushicilelo lweminwe okanye ubuso ukuba bakhiwe ngokutsha.
Kukho izakhiwo eziyimfihlo-zigxile kuyilo. Umzekelo obalaseleyo yindlela apho lonke uqinisekiso lwenzeka ngaphandle kweintanethi, akukho zincedisi okanye ilifu zisetyenziswayo, kwaye isazisi somsebenzisi sifihlwa kwindlela ekhuselekileyo abayilawulayo. Kwizisombululo ezifana ne-ANDOPEN SNAPPASS, idatha ye-biometric ayilokothi ishiye ikhadi elikhuselekileyo (i-SNAPIN). ukunciphisa umngcipheko wolwaphulo-mthetho olukhulu ukuya kwiqanda nokuba uthungelwano loshishino lusengozini.
Iinkqubo ezikhokelayo zolawulo lokufikelela (antispoofing, ukuchaneka, kunye nobumfihlo)
Kulawulo lofikelelo, indibaniselwano ye amazinga aphantsi okwamkelwa kobuxoki/okwaliwa, ukusebenza komgangatho omkhulu kunye neendawo eziphambili zokubona ubomi ezifana IDEMIA MorphoWave y I-NEC Bio-IDiom ekuphunyezweni okunyanzelisayo (izityalo zamashishini, izikhululo zeenqwelo moya, iikhampasi zequmrhu).
Kwelinye icala, ukuba eyona njongo iphambili yi ubumfihlo bedatha yebhayometriki, igxininisa ikhadi elikhuselekileyo elikhankanywe ngasentla kunye nemodeli yokuqinisekisa ngaphandle kwe-intanethi (SNAPPASS). Le paradigm iphelisa ukuhanjiswa kunye nokugcinwa okuphakathi, iyenza ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi iimo zero trust kunye namacandelo anovakalelo (ezemali, ezomthetho, ezokhuselo kunye neziseko ezingundoqo ezibalulekileyo).
Iinzuzo eziphambili kunye nemida yokwenyani
Phakathi kwezinto eziluncedo, ezi zilandelayo zibalaseleyo: ukhuseleko olomeleziweyo ngokuchasene nobusela besiqinisekiso, ukusebenziseka ngokulula (ngaphandle kokukhumbula amagama ayimfihlo), kunye nokwaleka. Ngokweemeko ezinokwenzeka, kukho uqikelelo olubeka eyona ngqamaniso yeminwe kwimilinganiselo ephantsi kakhulu yobukhulu (enye kumashumi eebhiliyoni), ibethelela ixabiso layo njengento yokuqinisekisa.
Kodwa kukho imida: akukho nkqubo ingenakusilela. Izinto ezingezizo ezingezizo kunye nezichasi ezingeyonyani zikhona (nangona ziphantsi kakhulu kwizisombululo ezingcakacileyo), kwaye ukubiwa kwedatha kuhlala kusenzeka ukuba ukuphunyezwa akuphucukanga. Eyona iresiphi ilungileyo ibandakanya uyilo olomeleleyo, uguqulelo olusekugqibeleni ukuya esiphelweni, ulawulo lokuphila, imigaqo-nkqubo yobomi, kwaye, apho kufanelekileyo, uqinisekiso lwezinto ezininzi.
Yeyiphi indlela yokukhetha kwimeko nganye?
Ukuba ubeka phambili lula kunye neendleko eziphantsi Kwiindawo ezinobungozi obuphantsi / obuphakathi, ubuso okanye unyawo lukhetho olukhulu. Kuba imisebenzi ekude, ubuso kunye nezwi zikhanya ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwazo kunye ne-hardware eqhelekileyo. Kwimixholo ye umngcipheko ophezulu okanye iimfuno ezingqongqo zococeko, qwalasela iris okanye i-biometrics ye-vascular, okanye udibanise izinto (umzekelo, ikhadi + leminwe).
ukuba iindawo ezingenachuku (ukhathalelo lwempilo, iifektri ezinePPE, ukufikelela ngobuninzi), ubuso kunye neiris zinika ukusebenza kakuhle; ilizwi libalaseleyo xa izandla kunye nokubona zingekho. Ukuba ubumfihlo boyilo bubaluleke kakhulu, ulwakhiwo ngaphandle kweintanethi ngaphandle komncedisi kunye nesazisi esifihliweyo kumakhadi akhuselekileyo aneenzuzo ezicacileyo.
Iindlela ezibonakaliswe ukhuseleko ngokophando lwakutsha nje
Xa kuvavanywa iindlela ezithile, izifundo ezahlukeneyo ziye zaqaqambisa oku kulandelayo njengokhetho olukhuselekileyo: ukuqaphela ubuso yale mihla enokubona impilo entle, iris ukwamkelwa, Iimpawu zeminwe ze-3D ze-ultrasonic y biometry yemithambo (umnwe okanye imithambo yesundu). Ngamnye womeleza ukuxhathisa kwe-spoofing kwaye uphakamisa umqobo wobugcisa kumhlaseli.
Noko ke, khumbula ukuba umgangatho wokuphunyezwa (izinzwa, ulungelelwaniso, imibundu, ukuphila, ukugcinwa kwetemplate, uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo) inobunzima obufana nemowudi ngokwayo; Umahluko phakathi kwe-avareji inkqubo kunye negqwesileyo uhlala kwezo nkcukacha.
Itekhnoloji, iintsingiselo kunye nalapho siya khona
Ibhayometriki zihlala zivela: ukuphuculwa kombono wekhompyuter, ukufunda nzulu, kunye nezivamvo kwenza ukuchaneka okukhulu kunye nokukhuhlana okuncinci. Ukudityaniswa kwiifowuni eziphathwayo kunye nezinto ezinxitywayo zenza ukuba ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla (ukuvula, iintlawulo, usetyenziso olubuthathaka), kwaye ziyavela. iimeko ezintsha zokusetyenziswa kurhwebo, imfundo, ukuqinisekiswa kweminyaka yobudala kunye nolawulo lukarhulumente.
Ukujonga kwikamva elikufutshane, siza kubona ukugxila ngakumbi ubumfihlo ngokuyila, ulawulo lokuphila olufihlakeleyo ngakumbi, ukusasazwa okuxutyiweyo (kwisixhobo + edge) kunye nokudibana nobuchwephesha obufana ne-blockchain yokuqinisekisa iimpawu kunye bethelela ukungaguquguquki kobungqina ngaphandle kokukhupha idatha yebhayometriki ekrwada.
Izenzo ezilungileyo zokuphunyezwa okungenasiphako
Ukusa iprojekthi yakho kwinqanaba elilandelayo, beka phambili: Uvavanyo lomngcipheko Ngemeko yokusetyenziswa; inzwa kunye nokukhethwa kwe-algorithm kunye neemetrics zikawonkewonke ze-FAR/FRR; ubomi obunzima; ukugcinwa kwetemplate efihliweyo (ngokukhethekileyo kwisixhobo okanye kwikhadi elikhuselekileyo); ukunciphisa idatha; kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemigaqo. Ukudibaniswa kwamakhadi, ii-PIN, okanye iimeko zomxholo (isixhobo, i-geolocation, imikhwa) kudala ukhuseleko olunzulu.
Kwimibutho emikhulu, idibanisa intuthuzelo kunye nokhuseleko: ukuhamba ngaphandle koqhagamshelwano, ukusebenza ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, uphicotho-zincwadi, kunye nokugcinwa. Ifilosofi "yokhuseleko olungangeni endleleni yobomi" iyasebenza: i-biometrics eyilwe kakuhle ikhulula, ingabi nzima.
Ukukhetha eyona ndlela "yeyona" yebhayometriki ibandakanya ukulungelelanisa iinjongo zakho kunye namandla emodyuli nganye, ukhuseleko lobunzima, ubumfihlo, iindleko, kunye namava omsebenzisi. Ukufikelela kude okanye ngeselulaUbuso/ilizwi aloyiswa xa lisebenza; ukomelela okuphezulu kwento, iris iyachukumisa; ukwamkelwa ngobuninzi, iminwe ihlala ilukhetho oluphumelelayo; kwaye ukuba ubumfihlo abuxoxiswana, khetha uthungelwano-free kunye noyilo lwe-server-free kunye nesazisi esifihliweyo phantsi kolawulo lomsebenzisi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukugqwesa kokwenyani kuvela ekudibaniseni iindlela kunye nezinto de kube ibhalansi phakathi komngcipheko kunye nengxabano ihambelana nenyani yakho.
