Ukuba ukhe wakhuphela usetyenziso ngaphandle kweGoogle Play Store okanye unomdla kuphuhliso lweapp ye-Android, ukhe wadibana neefomati ezinje nge-APK, AAB, kunye ne-APKM. Ezi fayile zibalulekile ekufakeni nasekuqhubeni ii-apps kwizixhobo ze-Android, kodwa nganye ineefitsha ezizodwa ezifanele ukwazi ngazo.
Kulo lonke eli nqaku, siza kuphonononga nzulu ukuba zithini na ezi fayile, zisebenza njani, kwaye yintoni umahluko wazo. Siza kujonga kwakhona ukuba ukufakwa kwe-app, ukugcinwa kakuhle, kunye nokhuseleko kuzichaphazela njani izixhobo ze-Android.
Yintoni ifayile ye-APK?
Ifomathi I-APK (Ipakethe yosetyenziso lwe-Android) ibingumgangatho wokusasaza kunye nokufaka usetyenziso kwi-Android iminyaka. Le fomati iyafana neefayile .izembe kwi-Windows, njengoko iqulethe yonke into efunekayo ukuqhuba isicelo kwisixhobo se-Android.
Ifayile ye-APK iqulethe zonke izinto zosetyenziso, ezinje ngemizobo, ikhowudi, useto, kunye neefayile zolwimi. Oku kuthetha ukuba, nini Faka isicelo kwi-APK, zonke izixhobo ezikhoyo zikhutshelwa, kwanabo bangafunwayo ngumsebenzisi othile. Umzekelo, ukuba i-app iyafumaneka ngeelwimi ezili-10, ifayile ye-APK iya kubandakanya zonke ezo lwimi, nokuba umsebenzisi ufuna enye kuphela.
Iimpawu eziphambili zeefayile ze-APK zezi:
- Ziqulethe zonke izixhobo zesicelo kwifayile enye.
- Zinokukhutshelwa kwaye zifakwe ngesandla kwimithombo engaphandle koDlalo lukaGoogle.
- Basemngciphekweni wokuguqulwa kunye nokuphanga.
- Zithande ukuba nzima ngenxa yokubandakanywa kwazo zonke izixhobo ezikhoyo.
Yintoni ifomathi ye-AAB?
El Android App Bundle (AAB) yifomathi eyaziswa nguGoogle ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kunye nokulungiswa kwezicelo kwi-Play Store. Ngokungafaniyo ne-APK, i-AAB ayiyiyo ifayile enokuthi ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo kwisixhobo se-Android, kodwa isitya esibandakanya zonke izixhobo zesicelo ngendlela yemodyuli.
Xa umthuthukisi elayisha ifayile ye-AAB kwi-Google Play, iqonga lihlalutya umxholo kwaye livelise i-APK yesiko kumsebenzisi ngamnye kunye nesixhobo. Oko kukuthi, endaweni yokukhuphela ifayile ngazo zonke iilwimi ezinokwenzeka, imizobo kunye nezicwangciso, umsebenzisi ufumana kuphela izibonelelo ezifunekayo kwisixhobo sakhe esithile.
Izinto ezilungileyo zefomathi ye-AAB ziquka:
- Ukunciphisa ubunzima besicelo: Ngokubandakanya kuphela izinto ezifanelekileyo kumsebenzisi ngamnye, ii-apps zithatha indawo encinci kwindawo yokugcina isixhobo.
- Ukhuphelo olukhawulezayo: Ngenxa yokuba zikhaphukhaphu, iifayile ezenziwe kwi-AAB zifake kwaye zisebenze ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukhuseleko olukhulu kunye nobuqhetseba obuncinci: Ekubeni akunakwenzeka ukufaka iifayile ze-AAB ngesandla, kwenza kube nzima ukusabalalisa iinguqulelo eziguqulwe ngokungekho mthethweni.
Yintoni ifayile ye-APKM?
Ifomathi APKM sisisombululo esenziwe yi-APKMirror iqonga ukuvumela ukufakwa kwezicelo ngaphandle kweGoogle Play Store ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimodyuli eyaziswa yi-AABs.
Ngenxa yokuba usetyenziso olusasazwe kwi-AAB luvelisa iifayile ezininzi ze-APK ezibizwa ngokuba yi-Split APKs, ukufakwa kwazo ngesandla kuba nzima ngakumbi. Ukusombulula oku, i-APKMirror yenze ifomati ye-APKM, esisingxobo esidibanisa iifayile ezahlukeneyo ze-APK ezifunekayo kusetyenziso kwiphakheji enye.
Ukufakela ifayile ye-APKM udinga usetyenziso APKMirror Isifaki, ekuvumela ukuba uvule ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ufake iifayile zemodyuli ezibandakanyiweyo kwiphakheji.
Iimpawu zefomathi ye-APKM zezi:
- Ivumela ukufakwa kosetyenziso ngaphandle koDlalo lukaGoogle ngendlela efanayo kwi-APK.
- Ibandakanya kuphela izixhobo eziyimfuneko kwisixhobo ngasinye.
- Ifuna isicelo esithile sofakelo.
Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-APK, i-AAB kunye neefomathi zesicelo se-APKM
Nganye kwezi fomati inenjongo ethile kunye nokusebenza kwi-ecosystem ye-Android. Ngezantsi kukho umahluko ophambili phakathi kwabo:
| Isici | APK | AAB | APKM |
|---|---|---|---|
| ufakelo oluthe ngqo | Ewe | Hayi | Hayi (ifuna i-APKMirror Installer) |
| Ibandakanya zonke izibonelelo | Ewe | Hayi | Hayi |
| Ixhaswe nguDlalo lukaGoogle | Hayi | Ewe | Hayi |
| Ukulula ukuguqulwa | Alta | Muy baja | Media |
| Ubunzima befayile | Mkhulu | Ngaphantsi | Ngaphantsi |
Kule mihla, kubalulekile ukwazi iifomati zesicelo ezahlukeneyo zokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-Android. Umzekelo, abanye abasebenzisi banokuzuza ngokukhetha usetyenziso olukhaphukhaphu ngobukhulu kwaye lufuna izixhobo ezimbalwa, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu kwabo basebenzisa izixhobo ezineempawu ezinyiniweyo. Ngokunjalo, ukhuseleko luya kuba ngumba obalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuhlohla.
Ngaba ezi fomati ze-app zibachaphazela njani abasebenzisi be-Android?
Utshintsho ukusuka kwi-APK ukuya kwi-AAB luzise iimpembelelo ezahlukeneyo kubo bobabini abaphuhlisi be-Android kunye nabasebenzisi. Iziphumo eziphambili ziquka:
- Izicelo ziya kuba lula kwaye zikhawuleze, enenzuzo ngokukodwa kwizixhobo ezinokugcinwa okulinganiselwe.
- Ukufakela usetyenziso olusuka ngaphandle kukaGoogle Play kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi, ngenxa yokungabikho kwenkxaso ye-AAB yofakelo lwezandla.
- Ukhuseleko luyanda, njengoko iinguqulelo ezilungisiweyo okanye eziphikisiweyo ziya kuba nzima ukusasaza.
- Abaphuhlisi kuya kufuneka baziqhelanise ukuya kwifomati ye-AAB ukuba ufuna ukupapasha kwi-Play Store.
Iifomati zosetyenziso lwe-Android ziye zavela ukuphucula amava omsebenzisi kunye nokhuseleko lwe-ecosystem. Ngelixa ii-APK zihlala zilolona khetho luphambili lofakelo lwezandla, ii-AABs zivumela ukwenziwa ngcono kuGoogle Play, kwaye ii-APKMs zibonelela ngomgangatho ophakathi kwabo bafuna ukukhuphela usetyenziso kwimithombo yangaphandle. Yabelana ngolwazi kwaye uncede abanye abasebenzisi bafunde ngesihloko.
