Indlela yokususa ii-virus kwi-Android: Isikhokelo esipheleleyo nesihlaziyiweyo sokucoca ifowuni yakho

Unako susa intsholongwane kwi-AndroidEnye yezinto ezilungileyo ze-Android kukuba sikhululekile ukwenza nantoni na. Ngenxa yale nkululeko, singafaka ii-apps kwiivenkile ezingekho mthethweni, sisebenzise izixhobo ezivela phantse kulo naliphi na uphawu, kwaye sifumane ukufikelela kwi-root okanye kwi-superuser ukuze sifumane inkululeko engakumbi. Kodwa le nkululeko inokubangela iingxaki, njengokufumana i-app esengozini kwivenkile engekho mthethweni ethumela idatha yethu kwiseva ukuze inikeze intengiso eyenzelwe wena—uhlobo lwe-virus okanye i-malware eyaziwa ngokuba yi-malware. IntengisoNgoko ke, sifanele senze njani ukuze sibe kwicala elikhuselekileyo?

Kweli nqaku siza kuzama ukuphendula yonke imibuzo yakho, njengokuthi eyona ndlela ingcono yokuphepha ukuchaphazeleka yiyo nayiphi na intsholongwane, indlela yokususa iintsholongwane kwi-Android ukuba sele usulelekile, okanye umahluko phakathi kweTrojan kunye nentsholongwane, nangona indlela echanekileyo yokubhekisa kuyo yile "i-malware"Ungazifaka nezinye ze Eyona ntsholongwane ye-Android yasimahla. Oko utshilo, kweli nqaku siza kukufundisa Ungayisusa njani intsholongwane kwi-Android, nangona sivumelene ukuba yi-malware.

IiTrojans, iintsholongwane, kunye ne-malware kwi-Android: Umahluko kunye neengcinga

Zombini iiTrojans kunye neentsholongwane ziyi-malware. Ngokwengcaciso, isoftwe Yisoftware eyenziwe ngenjongo yokwenzakalisa. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ayizizo zonke izoyikiso ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Nangona sisebenzisa igama elithi "intsholongwane" njengegama eliqhelekileyo, ngokwengcali liqela elinye kuphela kwihlabathi elikhulu le-malware.

Ukuze siqonde ngcono into esijongene nayo, sizahlule iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zezisongelo eziphathwayo:

• Trojans: Bafumana igama labo kwiTrojan horse. Bakhohlisa umsebenzisi ngokuzenza into eluncedo okanye engenabungozi. Nje ukuba sibathembe size sibasebenzise, ​​bavula umthwalo wabo onobungozi ukuze babe iiphasiwedi, ulwazi lwebhanki, okanye bafake ezinye ii-malware.
• Intsholongwane: Ezi zii-apps ezinobungozi ezinokosulela kwaye zisasazeke. Kwi-Android, ii-virus zemveli eziziphindaphindayo azixhaphakanga ngenxa yoyilo lokhuseleko lwenkqubo, kodwa eli gama lisasetyenziswa ukuchaza ii-apps ezonakalisa inkqubo.
• Intengiso: Isoftware eyenzelwe ukugubungela isikrini sakho ngeentengiso eziphazamisayo. Ingacothisa isantya sesixhobo sakho kwaye ithumele isiphequluli sakho kwiwebhusayithi eziyingozi.
• Ispyware: Iinkqubo zokuhlola ezifikelela kwimakrofoni, ikhamera, imbali yokukhangela kunye nendawo ngaphandle kwemvume yokudlulisela idatha kumntu wesithathu.
• I-Stalkerware: Uhlobo oluthile lwe-spyware olusetyenziswa rhoqo ngabaxhaphazi ukujonga amaxhoba abo, oluhlala luthengiswa phantsi kwesimo sesoftware yokhuseleko lwabazali.
• Intlawulelo: Iyayithimba ifowuni okanye ibethele iifayile ezibalulekileyo, ifuna intlawulo (intlawulelo) ukuze ifumane isitshixo sokususa ukubethela.
• Iiloglog: I-Malware igxile ekurekhodeni yonke into efunekayo ukuze kuthathwe amagama abasebenzisi kunye namagama ayimfihlo.
• Iingcambu: Izixhobo ezinika umhlaseli ulawulo olupheleleyo noluyimfihlo kwisixhobo, zivumela ezinye izoyikiso ukuba zihlale zifihliwe nasemva kokuqalisa kwakhona.
• Iintshulube: Izisongelo ezizimeleyo ezikwaziyo ukuphinda-phinda nokusasaza ngaphandle kokunxibelelana nomsebenzisi, ngesiqhelo ngeSMS okanye ngeBluetooth.

Indlela yokwazi ukuba ifowuni yakho ephathwayo ine-virus okanye i-malware

Ukuchonga usulelo akusoloko kulula, njengoko i-malware yanamhlanje izama ubulumko. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindlela zokwenza oko. imiqondiso yesilumkiso Ezi ziimpawu ezicacileyo zokuba kukho into engasebenzi kakuhle kwisixhobo sakho. Ukuba ubona ezinye zezi mpawu kunye, kusenokwenzeka ukuba unosulelo:

• Imbonakalo yezicelo ezingaziwayo: Ufumana ii-apps ongakhumbuliyo ukuzifaka, ezinamagama angaqhelekanga okanye ii-icon eziqhelekileyo. Ezinye zinokufakelwa kwangaphambili kwizixhobo ezikumgangatho ophantsi okanye zifakelwe ngokuzenzekelayo ngezinye ii-apps.
• Ii-pop-ups kunye neentengiso eziphazamisayo: Iifestile ezivelelayo ezibonakala nokuba awusebenzisi isikhangeli okanye usetyenziso oluthile. Olu luphawu oluphambili lwe... Intengiso.
• Ukuvalwa kwezicelo okungalindelekanga: Ii-apps ziyawa, ziqine, okanye zivalwe rhoqo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, nto leyo ebonisa iingxabano ezibangelwa yisoftware enobungozi.
• Ukukhupha ibhetri ngokukhawuleza: Ukuba uqaphela ukuba ubomi bebhetri buyehla kakhulu nokuba ifowuni intsha okanye awuyisebenzisi kakhulu, kunokubakho iinkqubo ezinobungozi ezisebenzisa izixhobo ngasemva.
• Ubushushu besixhobo: Ifowuni iba shushu kakhulu nokuba ayisebenzi okanye yenza imisebenzi esisiseko, ngenxa yomgudu owongezelelweyo weprosesa esebenzisa i-malware.
• Ukwanda okungachazwanga kokusetyenziswa kwedatha: Ukwanda okungathethekiyo kwedatha yeselula, njengoko i-spyware idla ngokulayisha ulwazi lwakho lomntu kwiiseva zangaphandle.
• Iindleko eziphezulu zefowuni: Iintlawulo zeenkonzo zeprimiyamu, i-SMS kwiinombolo ezingaziwayo, okanye iifowuni zamazwe ngamazwe ongakhange uzibize.
• Ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga koqhagamshelwano: Abahlobo bakho bafumana imiyalezo ye-phishing okanye amakhonkco akrokrisayo athunyelwa kwinombolo yakho okanye kwiinethiwekhi zentlalo ngaphandle kokuba wena uwabhalile.

Ingqiqo yeyona antivirus ilungileyo

Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwesixhobo lolona khuselo lusebenzayo. Kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yokusebenza, kuqhelekile ukutyelela iiwebhusayithi ezibonisa izilumkiso zobuxoki ezibonisa ukuba isixhobo sinesifo. Isilumkiso: obu bubuxokiEzi festile zisebenza ngeqhinga. eyoyikisayo Ezi zenzelwe ukukoyikisa ukuba ukhuphele isoftware ehlawulelwayo okanye enobungozi. Ukuba ubona izaziso "eziphumeleleyo" okanye "ezifunyenwe yintsholongwane", zingahoywa ngokupheleleyo.

Omnye umngcipheko omkhulu kukuba ii-clones okanye iikopi zezixhobo ezaziwayo. Kukho iimeko ezibhaliweyo zeefowuni ezilinganisa ubuhle beebhrendi ezifana neSamsung kodwa ziza nesoftware efakwe kwangaphambili eqokelela idatha yobuqu ukususela ngexesha ezivulwa ngalo. Kuphephe ukuthenga izixhobo ezingaqhelekanga ngamaxabiso angaqhelekanga.

Ngokuphathelele isikhangeli-ndlela, ukuba udibana neefestile ezivelelayo ezivimba ukukhangela kwaye ucele inombolo yakho yefowuni okanye iinkcukacha zebhanki phantsi kwesoyikiso se- ransomware (njengentsholongwane yamapolisa edumileyo), ungafaki nto. Isisombululo esikhawulezileyo kukuya kwizicwangciso zesiphequluli sakho uze cima imbali kunye cookies.

Ngamafutshane, sebenzisa le mithetho ibalulekileyo:

• Akukho mntu unika amabhaso ngokujonga nje i-intanethi.
• Awufumani intsholongwane ngokutyelela iwebhusayithi nje kuphela, kodwa Khuphela kwaye uqhube iifayile ezinobungozi.
• Ukuba isiphequluli sakho sifumana izilumkiso zobuxoki, susa imbali yakho.
• Ziphephe iiwebhusayithi ezingathandabuzekiyo ukuba zisemthethweni kwaye ukhuphele kwimithombo engaqinisekiswanga.

Ukuthintela kungcono kunonyango: Useto lokhuseleko

I-Android ivumela ukufakwa kwezicelo ezivela kwiivenkile ezingezizo ezisemthethweni kusetyenziswa iifayile ze-APK. Nangona oku kunika inkululeko, yeyona ndawo iphambili yokungena kwi-malware. Kukho ukhetho kwizicwangciso zefowuni... thintela ukufakwa kwezicelo ezivela kwimithombo engaziwayoKungcono ukugcina olu khetho lungasebenzi (lutshixiwe) ukuze kuthintelwe iimpazamo ezingalindelekanga.

Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukwenza kusebenze Khusela iGoogle PlayEsi sixhobo, esidityaniswe kwiPlay Store, sihlalutya usetyenziso ngaphambi kokuba silukhuphele kwaye sihlola isixhobo rhoqo ukuze sibone indlela esiziphatha ngayo, kwaye sinokuzicima okanye sizisuse ngokuzenzekelayo ii-apps eziyingozi.

Enye inkalo ebalulekileyo yi ulawulo lwemvumeFunda ngononophelo oko kucelwa yi-app nganye ngexesha lokufakwa kwayo. Ukuba i-app yethotshi, i-calculator, okanye umdlalo olula ucela ukufikelela kubantu obafowunelayo, imakrofoni, i-GPS, okanye imiyalezo ye-SMS, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho mvume ifunekayo ngokupheleleyo kumsebenzi we-app.

Okokugqibela, gcina inkqubo yokusebenza kunye nezicelo ezihlaziyiweyoUhlaziyo aluzisi nje kuphela iimpawu ezintsha, kodwa lukwazisa neziqwenga zokhuseleko ezivala ubuthathaka obusetyenziswa ngabaphangi ukungena kwiinkqubo.

Indlela yokususa iTrojans kunye ne-malware kwi-Android inyathelo ngenyathelo

Ukuba sele ukrokrela ukuba isixhobo sakho sichaphazelekile, kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokusombulula ingxaki: ezenzekelayo, eyesandla, kunye neye-dramatic.

Ukhetho 1: Ukususwa ngokuzenzekelayo nge-antivirus

Yeyona ndlela ilula neyona icetyiswayo kwabo bangenalo ulwazi oluphambili lobuchwephesha. I-antivirus ekhethekileyo inokubona iingozi ezifihlakeleyo ezingenakubonwa liliso lomntu kuluhlu lwezicelo.

1. Khuphela i-antivirus ethembekileyo kwiGoogle Play Store.
2. baleka a ukuskena okukrelekrele okanye okupheleleyo yenkqubo.
3. Landela imiyalelo ye-app ukuze ususe okanye uvalele abantu abasengozini.

Ukhetho 2: Ukususwa okuneenkcukacha ngesandla

Ukuba isoftware yakho ye-antivirus ayiboni ngxaki, okanye ukhetha ukungayifaki enye isoftware, landela la manyathelo angqongqo:

1. Qala kwiMowudi ekhuselekileyo: Le ndlela ikhubaza zonke ii-aplikeshini zomntu wesithathu, ithintela i-malware ukuba ingasebenzi. Ukuze uyivule, cofa ubambe iqhosha lokuvula, kwaye xa kuvela imenyu yokuvala, cofa ubambe ukhetho "lokucima umbane" okanye "lokuqalisa kwakhona" de kuvele ukhetho "lokucima umbane". "Qala kwimodi ekhuselekileyo"(Ukuba imodeli yakho iyahluka, khangela indibaniselwano yamaqhosha athile ophawu lwakho.)
2. Cima i-Cache kunye neeDownloads: Ngamanye amaxesha i-malware ihlala kwiifayile zexeshana. Yiya ku Useto > Ii-Apps kunye nezaziso > I-Chrome (okanye esinye isikhangeli) > Ugcino kunye ne-cache > Cima i-cacheCima kwakhona naziphi na iifayile ze-.apk ezikrokrelekayo kwifolda yakho yokukhuphela.
3. Ukuchonga ii-Apps eziSolisayo: Nje ukuba ukwimo ekhuselekileyo, yiya ku Useto> Izicelo. Khangela usetyenziso nge amagama angaqhelekanga (umz., "xjdhilsitughls"), ii-apps ongazikhumbuliyo ukuzifaka okanye ezo zifakelwe ngaphambi kokuba iingxaki ziqale.
4. Susa isoftware: Khetha i-app kwaye ucofe "Khipha."

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba iqhosha lokususa likhutshaziwe?
Kukho i-malware ethile ephucukileyo evunyelweyo amalungelo olawulo ukuze kungacinywa. Ukulungisa oku:

1. Yiya ku Useto > Ukhuseleko > Abalawuli bezixhobo (Indlela ingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuphawu).
2. Khangela usetyenziso olunobungozi kuluhlu.
3. Susa uphawu kwibhokisi okanye ucinezele "Yenza kungasebenzi" ukurhoxisa iimvume zabo zolawulo.
4. Buyela kwimenyu yezicelo kwaye ngoku ungayisusa ngokuqhelekileyo.

Amanyathelo okhuseleko ongezelelweyo emva kokucoca

• Guqula amagama agqithisiweyo: Ukuba bekukho ukwaphulwa kokhuseleko, tshintsha ngoko nangoko igama lakho eliyimfihlo likaGoogle kunye namanye amagama ayimfihlo eakhawunti (iibhanki, imidiya yoluntu, i-imeyile).
• Sebenzisa uQinisekiso lwaManyathelo amaBini (i-MFA): Oku kuthintela umqhekezi we-hacker ekufikeleleni kwiakhawunti yakho nokuba ebe igama lakho eligqithisiweyo, kuba kuya kufuneka ikhowudi eyongezelelweyo ithunyelwe kwifowuni yakho ephathwayo.
• Jonga inethiwekhi ye-WiFi: Ukuba usulelo lwenzeke ngelixa usebenzisa inethiwekhi kawonke-wonke, kuphephe ukuphinda isenzo kwaye ucinge ngokusebenzisa i-VPN.

Ukhetho 3: Ukuseta kwakhona kwifektri (Indlela yokugqibela)

Ukuba akukho nanye kwezi ndlela zingasentla esebenzayo okanye i-malware iqhubeka kakhulu, isisombululo esiqinisekileyo sesi phinda usete isixhobo kuseto lwasefektriLe nkqubo isusa ngokupheleleyo yonke idatha, usetyenziso, kunye nezicwangciso, isusa naluphi na uthotho lwesoftware enobungozi.

Amanyathelo abalulekileyo okulungisa:

1. Yenza ifayile ye- i-backup ekhethiweyo Kuphephe ukugcina idatha yakho ebalulekileyo (iifoto, oonxibelelwano, iikhalenda). Musa ukwenza i-backup epheleleyo yenkqubo, njengoko oku kungayigcina i-malware ngokwayo kwaye kukhokelela ekuyifakeni kwakhona emva kokufomatha.
2. Yiya ku Useto > Inkqubo > Ukhetho lokuseta kwakhona > Cima yonke idatha (ukuseta kwakhona kwifektri).
3. Faka ikhowudi yakho yokufikelela ukuba iceliwe kwaye uqinisekise isenzo.
4. Xa useta ifowuni yakho kwakhona, khetha ukhetho loku faka ii-apps ngesandla endaweni yokubuyisela i-backup ezenzekelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo icocekile.

Indlela yokuthintela iintsholongwane ukuba zingangeni kwisixhobo sakho se-Android kunye nokukhusela ubumfihlo bakho

Ukuze ukhuseleke ngokupheleleyo, ingakumbi emva kokuba usulelwe sisifo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise inkqubo yokuzikhusela esebenzayo. antivirus elungileyo Lulo luhlu oluhle kakhulu lokhuseleko, ingakumbi kubasebenzisi abangaqhelananga neengozi zobugcisa.

Ngezantsi, sibonisa ezinye zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo ezikhoyo kwiGoogle Play Store. Ezi apps zibonelela ngoxolo lwengqondo ngenxa yenkxaso yeenkampani zokhuseleko lwe-intanethi kwaye zinenguqulelo zasimahla ezisebenzayo.

Ngaba iinkqubo ze-antivirus ze-Android ziyasebenza ngokwenene?

Lo ngumbuzo obalulekileyo. ingcali yomsebenzisi Ukuba uyazi kakuhle ukuba zeziphi ii-apps ozifakileyo, ungasebenzisi ii-APK ezivela kwimithombo engathandabuzekiyo, kwaye ugcine inkqubo yakho ihlaziyiwe, i-antivirus ingabonakala ingasebenzi. Isoftware yokhuseleko esebenza ngasemva idla ibhetri kunye ne-RAM, nto leyo enokunciphisa kancinci ukusebenza.

Nangona kunjalo, kubasebenzisi abaninzi, i-antivirus iluncedo kakhulu. isixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuthintelaIsebenza njengenethi yokhuseleko, ikulumkisa ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe usetyenziso oluyingozi. Ngaphezu koko, iisuti zanamhlanje zibonelela ngeempawu ezongezelelweyo neziluncedo kakhulu, ezinje:

• Ukhuseleko lwexesha lokwenyani: Ukuthintela iiwebhusayithi ze-phishing kunye neekhonkco ezinobungozi.
• Ukulungiswa kwe-RAM: Ukucoca iifayile zenkunkuma kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwenkqubo.
• I-VPN edibeneyo: Ukubethela uqhagamshelo ukuze ujonge ngokukhuselekileyo kwiinethiwekhi ze-WiFi zikawonke-wonke.
• Iikhava zabucala: Khusela usetyenziso oluyimfihlo usebenzisa iPIN okanye iminwe.

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba yonke ikhonkco oyicofayo okanye yonke i-app oyifakileyo ikhuselekile, ukutyala ibhetri encinci kwisoftware ye-antivirus lixabiso elincinci lokuhlawula ukhuseleko oluyinikayo. ukuthembeka kwedatha yakho yebhanki kunye neyobuqu.

Ukuthelekisa: Iintsholongwane kwi-Android vs. iPhone (iOS)

Kukho inkolelo eqhelekileyo yokuba i-iPhone ayichaphazeleki ziintsholongwane. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba i-iOS yindawo evaliweyo neyomeleleyo, ayinakuchaphazeleka kwaphelaUmahluko omkhulu usekwe kuyilo kunye nolawulo lwezicelo.

Kwi-Android, ukuvuleka kwenkqubo kunye nokukwazi ukufaka ii-APK zangaphandle kuyenza ibe eyona njongo inomtsalane Kwabo baphangi be-intanethi, isabelo esikhulu semarike ye-Android sikwaqhuba abaphangi ukuba benze i-malware ngokukodwa kule nkqubo.

Kwii-iPhone, ii-apps zisebenza kwindawo engqongqo kakhulu, ekwanti kwaye zihlolwa ngokucokisekileyo ngesandla kwi-App Store. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izisongelo ezifana ne-malware ephucukileyo. I-spyware yePegasus nto leyo enokwenzakalisa izixhobo ze-iOS. Ngaphezu koko, abasebenzisi abasebenzayo jailbreak Zisusa imiqobo yokhuseleko lwefektri, zishiya i-iPhone ingabonakali, okanye ingaphezulu, kunaso nasiphi na isixhobo se-Android.

Iivektha zohlaselo: Ivela phi i-malware?

Ukuqonda indlela olu suleleka ngayo yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokuluthintela kwixesha elizayo. Abahlaseli basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusikhohlisa:

• Izicelo ezipakishwe ngokutsha: Abaphangi bathatha i-app edumileyo, bongeze ikhowudi enobungozi, baze bayisasaze ngeevenkile ze-app ezingezizo ezisemthethweni okanye iiforam. Umsebenzisi ucinga ukuba ufaka i-app yokuqala, kodwa eneneni, bafaka iTrojan horse.
• Ukwenza kakubi: Iintengiso ezikwiiwebhusayithi ezithi, xa zicofiwe, ziqalise ukukhuphela ngokuzenzekelayo i-malware okanye zithumele kumaphepha e-phishing.
• Ukuphanga kunye nokuSmishing: Ii-imeyile okanye imiyalezo ye-SMS ezizenza amaziko asemthethweni (iibhanki, iinkonzo zemiyalezo) ukuze zikuqhathe ukuze ucofe kwikhonkco elosulelekileyo.
• Ukukhuphela ngqo kunye ne-USB: Usulelo olubonakalayo apho isixhobo siqhagamshelwe kwikhompyutha eyonakeleyo okanye i-USB drive eyosulelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukudlulisa iifayile.

Ukuze unciphise ezi ngozi, khumbula oku kulandelayo: Musa ukuthemba iilinki ezivela kwimithombo engaziwayo.Ziphephe iinethiwekhi zeWiFi zikawonke-wonke ezingenayo iVPN kwaye soloko ugcina iGoogle Play Protect ivuliwe.

Ukuze i-malware isichaphazele kwi-Android, intsebenziswano yethu ihlala iyimfuneko. Esi sizathu sokuba kufuneka sibe neentloko kwaye singakholelwa kuyo yonke into esiyibonayo kwi-intanethi. Akufanelekanga ukukhubaza ukhuseleko eziza zifakwe kwangaphambili kwizixhobo, kodwa ukuba sele senze impazamo, kungcono ukuzama ukususa intsholongwane ngesandla ngokungena kwimo ekhuselekileyo, kwaye ukuba ingxaki iyaqhubeka, setha kwakhona ikhompyutha. Nje ukuba yonke into icocekile, siza kuzikhusela ngenkqubo elungileyo ye-antivirus yokuzikhusela ekungakhathali kwethu.

Ngaba ulixhoba lesoftware enobungozi kwi-Android kwaye ukwazile ukusombulula ingxaki? Ungathandabuzi ukushiya amava akho kumagqabaza kwaye usixelele inkqubo oyilandeleyo susa intsholongwane kwi-Android.